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Open Access

ISSN 2573-4407

© 2023 by the authors; CC BY 4.0 licence

OBM Neurobiology , Volume 7 , Issue 4 (2023)

Pages: 337

Published: March 2024

(This book is a printed edition that was published in OBM Neurobiology )

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Cover story:Autism vectors in 383 3-4-year-olds with ASD were revealed. A 7-factor structure was obtained: 1) "Persistence on sameness"; 2) "Emotional dysregulation"; 3) "Alienation"; 4) "Speech understanding"; 5) "Disinhibition/Hyperactivity"; 6) "Echolalia"; 7) "Sensory disintegration". The factor validity and equivalence of the 7-factor model were confirmed. However, the factor dimension of autism symptoms can be even more significant which the subject to future research is.View this paper.

Volume 7,Issue 4

Open Access Concept Paper

An Overview of Recent Technology-Aided Intervention Strategies to Help People with Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities Meet Relevant Rehabilitation Goals

Received: 09 September 2023;  Published: 15 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304202

Abstract

The paper presents an overview of recent studies assessing technology-aided strategies aimed at helping people with intellectual and multiple disabilities reach relevant rehabilitation goals. The 16 studies included in the paper addressed four specific rehabilitation goals, that is, (a) performance of functional activities, (b) access to leisure and communication and performance of functional activities, (c) increase of adaptive responses and decrease of problem behavior or inadequate posture, a [...]

Open Access Short Communication

Targeted MRI (tMRI) of Small Increases in the T1 of Normal Appearing White Matter in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) Using a Divided Subtracted Inversion Recovery (dSIR) Sequence

Received: 30 June 2023;  Published: 14 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304201

Abstract

In modelling studies targeted MRI (tMRI) of small increases in the T1 of tissues using divided Subtracted Inversion Recovery (dSIR) sequences show ten or more times the contrast seen with conventional IR sequences. This may be particularly useful in imaging normal appearing white matter where there may be small changes in T1 and/or T2 in disease but these changes may be insufficient to produce useful contrast with c [...]

Open Access Original Research

Effects of Ficus Platyphylla-Induced Hypothermia on Long-term Functional Recovery after Ischaemic Stroke

Received: 19 October 2023;  Published: 05 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304200

Abstract

A stroke is a cerebrovascular disease that results from a blockage in the blood supply to part of the brain or a burst blood vessel in the brain. It is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with an annual mortality rate of about 5.5 million. Antithrombotic therapies have failed to provide a cure for this debilitating cerebrovascular disorder, and hypothermia is gaining interest as a novel strategy for the management of stroke. In this study, we evaluated the effects of Ficus pla [...]

Open Access Original Research

Association between Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Resilience in Frontline Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Vietnam

Received: 11 October 2023;  Published: 30 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304199

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a considerable burden on frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), thus increasing their vulnerability to developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Our study aimed to examine the relationship between possible PTSD symptoms and resilience and identify associated factors with possible PTSD symptoms among Vietnamese frontline HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. We conducted a cross-sectional study across medical facilities at three administrative levels: pr [...]

Open Access Review

Understanding the Potentiality of Artificial Intelligence in Psychological Disorders Detection and Diagnostics

Received: 09 April 2022;  Published: 29 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304198

Abstract

Today, the advancement of assessment, forecasting, and therapy or medical attention for psychological healthcare is already using artificial intelligence (AI) technology, particularly machine learning, due to the introduction of digital tools to treat mental health conditions. In mental health treatment, the present and the future of artificial intelligence technologies hold both enormous promises and potential dangers. With the current global scenario, psychological disorders like clinical depr [...]

Open Access Original Research

Anxiety, Stress and Depression as the Notorious Barriers to Achieving a Massive Performance among Egyptian Construction Site Workers

Received: 25 August 2023;  Published: 24 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304197

Abstract

In today's corporate landscape, optimizing performance has emerged as a formidable challenge for organizations, often hindered by formidable barriers and psychological factors. This study explores the role of anxiety, stress, and depression in attaining performance among Egyptian construction site workers. The quantitative analysis utilizes cross-sectional data collected from workers working at different construction sites in Egypt. The study concludes with findings from 298 valid cases. Leverag [...]

Open Access Research Article

Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index among University Students in Korea

Received: 12 July 2023;  Published: 21 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304196

Abstract

Insomnia is the most common sleep complaint in clinical practice, affecting both the physical and mental health of patients as well as many aspects of their life quality. Young adults, especially university students, are prone to a high prevalence of poor sleep quality or insomnia. Accurate assessment of insomnia severity among university students has become an important issue. One promising screening tool to identify clinically significant insomnia in the campus setting is the Insomnia Severity [...]

Open Access Original Research

Assessment of a Person's Social Success Through the Characteristics of Interpersonal Relationships in A Virtual Environment

Received: 30 April 2023;  Published: 13 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304195

Abstract

The sudden spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has convincingly proved the role of social networks in human life activity as an actor of interpersonal relations. The need for isolation and the limitation of face-to-face communication between people has significantly transformed the system of interpersonal connections through an extensive increase in social contacts in the virtual environment and the growing importance of online social services. In the study, we addressed the problem of diagnosing th [...]

Open Access Review

Rehabilitation of Chronic Pain in Post-Critical Care Patients. A Narrative Review

Received: 11 April 2023;  Published: 08 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304194

Abstract

Chronic pain in post-critical care patients is a multifaceted issue with profound implications for patient well-being and quality of life. This review aims to address the rehabilitation of patients who suffer from chronic pain following discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU). Despite growing awareness of the prevalence and impact of this condition, significant gaps in knowledge persist regarding the optimal rehabilitation strategies for these patients. To conduct this study, an extensive l [...]

Open Access Review

Building Resilience in Students: Managed and Minimised Stress in Students

Received: 07 March 2023;  Published: 07 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304193

Abstract

Stressful events in students' and teachers' personal, academic, and professional lives are widespread. The paper discusses many effective methods and techniques for correcting and preventing stress that are simple to learn and practice. They give good results in working with children, adolescents, and youths in training and education. Some practices are more complex and require more attention and effort to understand and master them, but they also have broader capabilities in various [...]

Open Access Short Communication

Low-Frequency Oscillations for Nonlocal Neuronal Coupling in Shared Intentionality Before and After Birth: Toward the Origin of Perception

Received: 09 May 2023;  Published: 02 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304192

Abstract

The theoretical study observes literature to understand whether or not low-frequency oscillations can simultaneously alter the excitability of neurons from peripheral nervous subsystems in different individuals to provide Shared Intentionality in recipients (e.g., fetuses and newborns) and what are the attributes of ecological context for Shared Intentionality. To grasp the perception [...]

Open Access Review

Technological Resources for Early Intervention in Cases of Dyscalculia: A Deductive-Inductive Categorization

Received: 29 May 2023;  Published: 23 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304191

Abstract

Dyscalculia is a math learning disability that significantly interferes with students' academic performance and math-related aspects of their daily lives. Early diagnosis and the design of intervention programs adapted to the needs of each case are essential. In this sense, multiple technological resources are created to address both issues. Still, it is difficult to identify which characteristics they share and which are more relevant regarding didactic suitability. Given this situation, this r [...]

Open Access Research Article

Factor Structure of ASD Symptoms in Russian 3-4-Year-Olds

Received: 08 June 2023;  Published: 19 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304190

Abstract

The study aims to reveal autism vectors that are inherent in 3-4-year-olds with ASD. Three hundred eighty-three children with ASD took part in the research. An online questionnaire developed earlier by our research group was used. In the first stage, with the repeated use of exploratory factor analysis, the task of identifying the simplest factor structure was solved. As a result, a 7-factor system was obtained, including from 9 to 14 items in each factor (78 items in total): 1) "Persistenc [...]

Open Access Technical Note

A New Computer-Aided Method for Assessing Children's Cognition in Bioengineering Systems for Diagnosing Developmental Delay

Received: 05 April 2023;  Published: 18 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304189

Abstract

This pilot study (n = 19) examines fidelity rates of the new computer-aided method of diagnosing cognitive development delay in 3-to-6-year-old children. The small-scale research repeats the methodological components of the previous two studies, only changing the data collection process by introducing the baseline value (BV). Experimental data show a significant increase of 9.4 times in the shared intentionality magnitude in neurodivergent children. The results support the hypothesis [...]

Open Access Case Report

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome in a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Case Report

Received: 10 May 2023;  Published: 13 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304188

Abstract

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) and Malignant Catatonia (MC) are conditions with significant overlap and are classically characterized by autonomic dysfunction, rigidity, bradyreflexia, posturing, lead-pipe rigidity in the former and waxy flexibility in the latter, stereotyping, an increase in creatinine kinase, and/or leukocytosis. Onset after inciting factor ranges from days to weeks, as does resolution with appropriate treatment. The overlap in symptomatology with Autism spectrum disorde [...]

Open Access Short Communication

Rethinking Driving Assessment: A Hypothesis-Driven Proposal for Cognitive Evaluation

Received: 31 March 2023;  Published: 10 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304187

Abstract

Driving is a critical aspect of personal mobility and autonomy, but ensuring road safety requires a comprehensive evaluation of driving abilities beyond self-reported behaviors and practical skills. This article emphasizes the importance of cognitive assessment in determining fitness to drive and explores the potential benefits of using digital tools for such evaluations to enhance road safety. Implementing these digital tools does come with challenges, such as unfamiliarity with digital cogniti [...]

Open Access Original Research

Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds Obtained from Ginkgo Biloba Against Crystal Structure of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)

Received: 07 July 2023;  Published: 09 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304186

Abstract

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) spreads rapidly across the globe, causing almost 2.8 million cases worldwide. Many drugs and inhibitors, such as dronabinol and nabilone, have been used to treat MS, but there is no effective treatment for MS till now as these medications can cause severe side effects. So, we tested different compounds from Ginkgo biloba to inhibit the symptoms caused by MS as an herbal treatment. We targeted the Crystal structure of Myelin Oligodendrocyte [...]

Open Access Short Communication

Shared Intentionality Modulation at the Cell Level: Low-Frequency Oscillations for Temporal Coordination in Bioengineering Systems

Received: 20 June 2023;  Published: 05 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304185

Abstract

The theoretical article aims to develop knowledge about the modulation of shared intentionality at the cellular level. A hypothesis about the neurobiological processes during shared intentionality argues that this pre-perceptual communication occurs through nonlocal neuronal coupling in an ecosystem that can be described as the mother-fetus communication model. The current theoretical study analyses literature to discuss recent findings on the effect of oscillations on neuronal temporal coordina [...]
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