by Atsushi Naganuma  , Satoru Kakizaki  , Takashi Hoshino  , Toshiyuki Tanaka  , Tetsushi Ogawa  , Shuya Sawada  , Satomi Adachi  , Yusuke Ogawa  , Toyoshi Sasaki  , Ken Sato  , Hitoshi Takagi  and Toshio Uraoka

Received: 25 September 2018;  Published: 26 December 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1804011

Background: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are nutrients with a bitter taste, which causes low compliance in patients who need BCAA supplementation. Moreover, chronic liver disease is frequently complicated by taste impairment. The present study was designed to improve patient noncompliance regarding nutrients in liver disease. Methods: A taste questionnaire was administered to healthy controls, chronic hepatitis patients, and cirrhotic patients. Eleven different flavored powders that can be added to BCAA nutri [...]

by Amale Laouar

Received: 22 July 2018;  Published: 09 September 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1803010

Gut microbes and pathophysiology of sepsis: Spillage of gut microbial products, rather than systemic dissemination of gut microbes, is the potential initiator of septic morbidity

by Shechter Yonat  , Dagan Amir  , Ben-Haim Menachem  , Bar-Ziv Yaakov  , Brazovsky Eliyau  , Shteingart Shimon  , Dancour Alian  , Paz Kalman  and Lurie Yoav

Received: 17 February 2018;  Published: 01 September 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1803009

Cholangiocarcinoma is an uncommon adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis. Signet ring cell cholangiocarcinoma is an extremely rare disease, with only 11 cases reported to date. However, its incidence is increasing. Similarly, there is an increasing incidence of other SRC tumors (colon, gastric etc.) as well. Most cases have described a localized mass of signet ring cells, mostly in the common bile duct. A 69-year-old Caucasian man admitted for jaundice and abdominal pain that began 3 days prior to his hospitalization. [...]

by Katsuhisa Omagari  , Ayumi Fukuda  , Machiko Suga  , Ayumi Ogata  , Shinta Nishioka  , Kazuhito Suruga  , Mayuko Ichimura  and Koichi Tsuneyama

Received: 09 April 2018;  Published: 03 August 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1803008

Background: The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is thought to be multifactorial, and oxidative stress may play an important role in the development of NASH. Peptides obtained by enzymatic decomposition of mackerel (EMP) including selenoneine were recently reported to possess antioxidative activity. Thus, EMP can be a candidate dietary strategy for the prevention of NASH. [...]

by Habibur P. Rahman  , DaiRicky H Bhogal  and Patricia F. Lalor

Received: 05 February 2018;  Published: 16 May 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1802007

Background & Aims. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication of liver surgery and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The incidence of AKI following hepatic surgery can be as high as 94%, with highest rates seen following orthotopic liver transplantation, particularly when extended criteria grafts are used. Strategies to identify patients at risk of AKI may enable early interventions to prevent or minimise AKI. Methods. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Medline, Cochrane and [...]

by Hidehiro Kamezaki  , Dai Sakamoto  , Daiki Okamura  , Koji Nakagawa  and Naoya Kato

Received: 10 December 2017;  Published: 14 March 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1801006

(1) Background: Endoscopy has become the primary diagnostic and treatment technique for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Despite advancements in therapeutic methods and instrumentation, endoscopic hemostatic failure occurs in 10% of patients. This study aimed to analyze endoscopic findings in patients with failed hemostasis and to elucidate strategies for endoscopists and gastroenterologists to facilitate improved treatment outcomes. (2) Methods: A total of 128 patients received hemostatic treatment fo [...]

by Tatsuo+ Kanda  , Shunichi Matsuoka  and Mitsuhiko Moriyama

Received: 18 October 2017;  Published: 29 October 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1704005

(This is review and no abstract)

by Koji Takahashi  , Tatsuo Kanda  , Yuki Haga  , Reina Sasaki  , Masato Nakamura  , Shuang Wu  , Shin Yasui  , Hidehiro Kamezaki  and Osamu Yokosuka

Received: 23 June 2017;  Published: 27 July 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1703004

(1) Background: Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection during pregnancy occasionally raises concerns, including acute exacerbation and the potential for mother-to-child transmission. (2) Case Report: Here, we present a case of a female patient with a chronic HBV infection who was treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and had a normal pregnancy and delivery. Furthermore, the use of TDF, HBV vaccination and passive immunization of her child with hyperimmune hepatitis B immunoglobulin successfully [...]

by Tomomi Kogiso  , Mutsuki Kobayashi  , Kuniko Yamamoto  , Yuichi Ikarashi  , Kazuhisa Kodama  , Makiko Taniai  , Nobuyuki Torii  , Kazunari Tanabe  , Hideki Ishida  , Shohei Fuchinoue  , Hiroto Egawa  , Masakazu Yamamoto  , Etsuko Hashimoto  and Katsutoshi Tokushige

Received: 08 February 2017;  Published: 06 April 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1702003

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection frequently occurs in recipients of liver or kidney transplants (LT/KT). Interferon (IFN)-based therapies are used to treat HCV, but their efficacy is low. Methods: We report 24 patients who received HCV therapy after LT/KT. Design, Setting, and Participants-Twelve LT and 12 KT recipients (median age, 59 years; 15 males; 21 serological type 1) were enrolled, of whom eight (six with LT) were treated with IFN-based therapy. Twelve received direct-acting antiviral drugs [ [...]

by Tatsuo Kanda  and Osamu Yokosuka

Received: 22 January 2017;  Published: 03 February 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1701002