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Open Access

ISSN 2638-1311

© 2020 by the authors; CC BY 4.0 licence

OBM Geriatrics , Volume 4 , Issue 2 (2020)

Pages: 259

Published: July 2020

(This book is a printed edition that was published in OBM Geriatrics)

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Cover story: Poor nutrition and frailty can increase falls risk and older adults often do not consume enough protein, an important nutrient for muscle strength and function. Using longitudinal data from the United States Health and Retirement Study, a report in this issue examines the association between dietary protein and subsequent reported falls in older adults with a history of falls. View this paper.

Volume 4,Issue 2

Open Access Original Research

On the Face of It: Social Heuristics Are Mediated by Age and Sex, But Not by Faciometrics

Received: 16 February 2020;  Published: 23 June 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002124

Abstract

The ability to situate individuals within social categories provides an important social function, allowing people to navigate problems of survival and reproduction within highly complex social structures. This categorization of people with apparently shared characteristics is facilitated by various cues, one of the most important being facial information. There has been a wealth of literature that reports on perceptions of characteristics informed by faciometrics (or the measurement of facial f [...]

Open Access Review

Bone Health in the Elderly with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus–A Systematic Review

Received: 02 April 2020;  Published: 18 June 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002123

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis are two major public health concerns worldwide, contributing to morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Aging is one of the most significant risk factors for low bone mass, bone fragility, and fractures. Among the several comorbidities that affect the elderly with diabetes, increased fracture risk is a relatively recently discovered complication. Generally, individuals with T2DM exhibit higher bone mineral density, which complicates the assessment [...]

Open Access Research Article

Post-Mortem Comparison of the Incidence and the Distribution of Cerebrovascular Lesions Using Additional 7.0-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Cognitive Normal Young, Middle-Aged, and Elderly Persons

Received: 06 April 2020;  Published: 04 June 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002122

Abstract

Regional brain atrophy and an escalation in vascular risk are associated to increasing age in normal cognitive healthy persons. The present post-mortem study compares the incidence of cerebrovascular lesions between young-aged, middle-aged, and elderly cognitive normal persons with additional 7.0-tesla MRI). The patients consisted of 10 young adults, 20 middle-aged adults, and 14 elderly ones. In addition to the macroscopic visible cerebrovascular lesions, a whole coronal section of a cerebral h [...]

Open Access Review

Intermittent Fasting and Brain Health: Efficacy and Potential Mechanisms of Action

Received: 15 March 2020;  Published: 01 June 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002121

Abstract

Despite continuous efforts to combat neurodegenerative diseases, researchers have been unable to find an intervention that reverses degeneration and/or improves cognition in dementia or healthy aging. Therefore, it is considerably important to identify lifestyle factors that could potentially aid in healthy brain aging and prevent or delay neurodegenerative diseases. The emerging interest in the ancient practice of fasting has inclined researchers to study the physiological and behavioral effect [...]

Open Access Research Article

Association between Very Low Dietary Protein Intake and Subsequent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the United States

Received: 10 April 2020;  Published: 22 May 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002120

Abstract

Poor nutrition is linked to frailty and both poor nutrition and frailty are recognized risk factors for falls. This study examined the association between dietary protein intake and subsequent reported falls in community-dwelling older Americans with a history of falls. Other nutritional, functional, and sociodemographic-related variables were also considered in our model. This was a retrospective analysis using data from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and Health Care and Nutrition S [...]

Open Access Research Article

Adoption of a Patient-Tailored Fall Prevention Program in Academic Health Systems: A Qualitative Study of Barriers and Facilitators

Received: 23 March 2020;  Published: 18 May 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002119

Abstract

Falls represent a persistent and costly patient safety issue. Fall TIPS (Tailored Interventions for Patient Safety) is a patient-centered and clinical decision-supported, fall prevention program that has led to fewer falls and related injuries among hospitalized patients. We aimed to identify dominant facilitators and barriers to Fall TIPS adoption. This multisite qualitative study was conducted in 11 hospitals representing three academic health systems, where Fall TIPS had been implemented for [...]

Open Access Research Article

Towards Positive Aging: Links between Forgiveness and Health

Received: 05 December 2018;  Published: 12 May 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002118

Abstract

Forgiveness may serve as an essential positive resource to help individuals cope emotionally with stressful events, ultimately influencing health. Examination of how individuals forgive within the context of close relationships can provide useful information about positive aging. In this study, we examine how the severity of a recent transgression committed by a spouse/partner or other close social relationship is associated with self-reported physical health among older adults. We also examine [...]

Open Access Review

Glial Alterations in Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Novel Basis to Understand, Prevent and Treat the Degenerative Process

Received: 18 December 2019;  Published: 09 May 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002117

Abstract

Neurons, from the time of their birth until their death, are always accompanied by neuroglial cells, maintaining very close morphological and functional relationships among themselves. Classically three main neuroglial families have been considered within the central nervous system (CNS): astroglia, oligodendroglia, and microglia. However, using morphological and immuno-cytochemical criteria, several different types/subtypes of neuroglial cells have been identified, each exerting specific physio [...]

Open Access Review

New Horizons in Alzheimer Research from Amyloid and Beyond

Received: 01 December 2019;  Published: 29 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002116

Abstract

The Amyloid and Tau Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease once thought to be the key have shown marginal results but are bolstered by the recent revival of the Aducanumab study and some positive data on some anti-Tau drugs. It still behoves us to look at other mechanisms which include whole blood transfusions, an Epigenetic approach, a-derivative of a Parkinson's drug a low dose of an anti-epileptic drug, an antibiotic against P Gingivitis and many new approaches not directly involving Amyloid and T [...]

Open Access Case Report

Intestinal Necrosis Due to Digoxin Intoxication

Received: 01 February 2020;  Published: 21 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002115

Abstract

The knowledge about digoxin, the associated cardiac and extracardiac effects, its pharmacokinetics and dynamics, indications, dosing, and side effects is important with the objective of deriving its maximum benefit without the risk of intoxication. Although the dosing of digoxin has been standardized and its usage has declined, digoxin intoxication still occurs frequently. Due to the risk of fatal complications, it has a negative prognosis. The knowledge about the etiology and symptoms of intoxi [...]

Open Access Original Research

Using a Rocking Chair in the Care of People with Dementia: A Single-Case Research Study

Received: 09 November 2019;  Published: 07 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002114

Abstract

The people with dementia experience a progressive loss of cognition, while more than 90% of them develop behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). BPSD may result in physical injuries and psychological distress among people with dementia and their family/caregivers. First-line care strategies in dementia care should not unthinkingly involve pharmacological interventions to avert or reduce the behavior, and should rather consider the person and their unique requirements. Therefore [...]

Open Access Review

Management of Older People With Diabetes - A Focus On Mental Functions

Received: 05 March 2020;  Published: 01 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002113

Abstract

The prevalence of diabetes in older people is increasing. Diabetes in old age is associated with increased risk of mental dysfunction. Cognitive dysfunction and mood disorders such as depression, anxiety and diabetes-related distress tend to coexist in older people with diabetes and appear to have bidirectional relationship acting as a risk factor and, at the same time, as a consequence of diabetes. To break the vicious circle of this complex reciprocal relationship between diabetes and mental d [...]

Open Access Editorial

Geriatric Cardiac Diseases

Received: 20 March 2020;  Published: 01 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002112
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