Misinterpretation or Underestimation of the Appearance, Location, or Size of Non-bleeding Visible Vessels (Forrest Class IIa) as a Cause of Hemostasis Failure
Abstract
(1) Background: Endoscopy has become the primary diagnostic and treatment technique for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Despite advancements in therapeutic methods and instrumentation, endoscopic hemostatic failure occurs in 10% of patients. This study aimed to analyze endoscopic findings in patients with failed hemostasis and to elucidate strategies for endoscopists and gastroenterologists to facilitate improved treatment outcomes.
(2) Methods: A total of 128 patients received hem [...]