Table of Content

Open Access Case Report

Case of Lung Transplantation in a Recipient with Emphysema: Importance of Determining Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency Status for Lung Transplantation

Received: 18 April 2018;  Published: 16 July 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1803015

Abstract

Here we present a case of a lung transplant recipient with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency as well as conducted a retrospective review of the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database from 1990 – 2016 specifically grouping patients with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

1087 6903

Open Access Case Report

Autoimmunity in Autologous Islet Transplantation

Received: 29 March 2018;  Published: 02 July 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1803014

Abstract

Total pancreatectomy (TP) is increasingly being utilized for definitive treatment in patients with debilitating chronic pancreatitis (CP). In an effort to prevent surgical diabetes, the procedure can be performed in conjunction with transplantation of islets of Langerhans recovered from the patients’ own resected pancreas (autologous islet transplantation, AIT). Given that patients undergoing TP and AIT are traditionally assumed not to be at risk for the development of beta-cell autoimmunity, it is possible that th [...]

1040 7073

Open Access Review

Regulation of Inflammatory Response in Islet Transplantation

Received: 29 March 2018;  Published: 22 June 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1802013

Abstract

Islet cell transplantation is a developing treatment for patients suffering from severe Type-1 diabetes. The long-term insulin independence after islet cell transplantation has been difficult to achieve, and this has been linked to several factors. One of the major cause of poor long-term outcome is inflammation surrounding the islets. Inflammation in islets is caused art several stages, donor induced, during organ preservation, islet isolation stress, peri-transplant inflammation or instant blood mediated inflamma [...]

1127 8080

Open Access Original Research

MicroRNAs as Potential Markers for Advantageous Perfusion in a Preclinical Donation after Cardiac Death Animal Model of Oxygenated Hypothermic Machine Perfusion (HOPE)

Received: 22 March 2018;  Published: 21 June 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1802012

Abstract

Background: Extended criteria donors and donation after cardiac death donors provide organs which tend to be more sensitive to the stress of preservation. There is a lack of evidence about the potential role of oxygen in preservation techniques, and literature comparing oxygenated and non-oxygenated techniques is very limited. The aim of the study was to compare HMP with oxygen versus HMP without oxygen in a pig model of kidney auto-transplantation (KT) reproducing conditions of DCD. We have also set up miRNAs expr [...]

1047 7927

Open Access Case Report

Delayed Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension after Total Pancreatectomy-Islet Auto-Transplantation

Received: 21 March 2018;  Published: 12 June 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1802011

Abstract

Portal hypertension has not been described as a complication of total pancreatectomy-islet auto-transplantation (TPIAT). We describe the first reported case of delayed and clinically significant portal hypertension following TPIAT in a patient with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis.

1051 7936

Open Access Review

Stem Cell Strategies to Promote Islet Transplantation Outcomes

Received: 02 April 2018;  Published: 05 June 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1802010

Abstract

Pancreas or islet transplantation is the only reliable cure for Type 1 Diabetes. However, shortage of donor tissue supply, longitudinal graft attrition due to innate and adaptive immunity and the recurrence of autoimmunity, as well as the harmful side-effects of chronic immunosuppressive therapy limit the wide-spread acceptance of islet transplantation as a mainstream cure for autoimmune diabetes. Herein, preclinical and clinical stem-cells based research approaches aimed at obtaining large quantities of islets for [...]

1273 7260

Open Access Review

Evolution in the Management of Invasive Fungal Infections in Liver Transplant Recipients

Received: 26 March 2018;  Published: 29 May 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1802009

Abstract

Invasive fungal infections (IFI) remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in hospitalized and immunocompromised or critically ill patients. The incidence of IFIs has been declining in liver transplant recipients (LTR). This is likely due to the evolving immunosuppressive drug regimens, improved surgical techniques and targeted antifungal prophylaxis. However, these still contribute to high mortality and are associated with high economic burden due to consumption of costly newer antifungal a [...]

1121 7180

Open Access Review

Islet Xenotransplantation for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes

Received: 25 February 2018;  Published: 25 April 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1802008

Abstract

Allogeneic islet transplantation has been established to prevent severe hypoglycemia for unstable type 1 diabetic patients. Recent phase 3 clinical trial clearly demonstrated the benefit of allogeneic islet transplantation. Severe hypoglycemia is serious issue not only for type 1 diabetic patients but also type 2 diabetic patients especially aged patients. Considering the possible demands for such patients, donor shortage will be the serious issue. To solve this issue, islet xenotransplantation using porcine islets [...]

1215 8726

Open Access Review

Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy: A Review of Risk Factors and Pathogenesis

Received: 31 August 2017;  Published: 11 January 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1801007

Abstract

Heart transplant remains the gold standard therapy for patients with end stage heart disease and offers improved survival and quality of life. Significant progress has been achieved in improving one year mortality after heart transplantation. Nonetheless, long-term graft survival has not changed significantly over the past few decades. Long term survival of heart transplant recipients is limited by chronic rejection, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), and malignancy. CAV is a major contributor for graft failure [...]

1032 8194

Open Access Editorial

The Fundamental Challenges in Organ Transplantation

Received: 20 December 2017;  Published: 24 December 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1704006

Abstract

Organ transplantation is a unique form of therapy for organ failure. The results are overall extremely good, saving the lives of a large cohort of patients that would otherwise die or be left with reduced life expectancy and a poor quality of life. Yet, the success of transplantation creates a problem that is increasingly difficult to manage, - the shortage of organ grafts available for transplantation. Simultaneously, the average age of deceased donors increases in most western countries, and a high prevalence o [...]

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